Electromyographic Evaluation of Structural Integration Techniques
Abstract: Structural Integration is an intervention technique designed to enhance one's well-being through postural improvement. Eleven male subjects were studied before and after ten sessions of Structural Integration using telemetric electromyographic recordings. The findings point to improved organization and greater balance in the neuromuscular system following the intervention.
A three-paradigm treatment model using soft tissue mobilization and guided movement-awareness techniques for a patient with chronic low pack pain: A case study. Cottingham JT, Maitland J. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 26 (3): 155-167 Sep 1997
Effects of soft tissue mobilization (Rolfing pelvic lift) on parasympathetic tone in tow age groups.
Cottingham J, Porges SW, Lyon T, Physical Therapy, 68:352-356, 1988
Abstract: The effects of a soft tissue mobilization procedure, the Rolfing pelvic lift, on parasympathetic tone was studied in healthy adult men. Parasympathetic tone was assessed 1) by quantifying the amplitude of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia from the heart rate pattern and 2) by measuring heart rate. Heart rate patterns were assessed during the pelvic lift and during the durational touch and baseline control conditions. Two groups of healthy subjects were tested: Group 1 contained 20 subjects aged 26 to 41 years, and Group 2 contained 10 subjects aged 55 to 68 years. In Group 1, the pelvic lift elicited a somatovisceral-parasympathetic reflex characterized by a significant increase in parasympathetic tone relative to durational touch and baseline conditions. Group 2 did not exhibit a parasympathetic change during the pelvic lift. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of pelvic mobilization techniques and may help to explain why these techniques have been clinically successful in treating myofascial pain syndromes and other musculoskeletal dysfunctions characterized by reduced parasympathetic tone and excessive sympathetic activity.
Stress, stimulus, intensity control, and the Structural Integration technique
Silverman J, Rappaport M, Hopkins HK, Ellman G, Hubbard R, Belleza T, Baldwin T, Griffin R, Kling R, Confinia Psychiatrica 16(3):201-19, 1973
Psychodramatics Of Emotional And Physiological Stability in Relation to TA and Structural Integration - Rolfing. Transactional Analysis Journal 5 (1): 75-75 1975.
Abstract: This paper reports on the effects of the structural integration technique on measures of psychological and physiological functioning (several EEG averaged evoked procedures, an eye-movement procedure, and a battery of biochemical tests). The investigation was carried out by a team of psychophysiologists and biochemists. Inferences and conclusions from the data are based upon a relatively new biophysical model of how individuals modulate environmental stimulation. Changes after structural integration were indicative of increased openness and better modulated sensitivity to environmental stimulation.
Effects of Structural Integration on State-trait anxiety
Weinberg RS, Hunt VV, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 35(2), 1979
Abstract: Studied the effects of the intervention technique of Structural Integration on state-trait anxiety. Matched pairs of Ss were assigned randomly to either the experimental (received Rolfing) or control group (N= 48). State anxiety questionnaires were administered before Rolfing and then again 5 weeks after Rolfing. Results indicated that Rolfing caused a decrease in state anxiety when compared to the control group. Results were discussed in terms of the release of emotional tension stored up in the muscles due to Structural Integration.
Treatment of chronic pain through the use of Structural Integration (Rolfing)
Deutsch JE, Derr LL, Judd P, et al, Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Clinics of North America 9(3):411-425, 2000
Effects of Soft Tissue Mobilization On Pelvic Inclination Angle, Lumbar lordisis, and Parasympathetic Tone: Implications for Treatment of Disabilities Associated with Lumbar Degenerative Joint Disease, Cottingham JT. Public testimony presentation to the National Center of Medical Rehabilitation Research of the National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; March 19,1992. Rolf Lines 20 (2) : 42-45, 1992
Stress, Stimulus Intensity Control, and the Structural Integration Technique, Silverman, Rappaport & Hopkins, (abstract : Confinia Psychiatrica, Karger Publisher, Switzerland, 1973)
Structural Integration applied to patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a retrospective chart review.
Talty CM, DeMasi I, Deutsch JE, Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 27(1):83, 1998
Psychological effects of structural integration
Pratt TC, Psychological Reports, 35(2):856, 1974
Structural integration applied to patients with a primary neurologic diagnosis: two case studies
Deutsch JE, Judd P, DeMassi I.. Neurology Report 21(5):161-162, 1997
Improvement in balance with structural integration (Rolfing): a controlled case series in persons with myofascial pain
Findley TW, Quigley K, Maney M, Chaudhry H, Agbaje I, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 85(9):e34, 200
Integrating manual and movement there be with philosophical counseling for treatment of the patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case study that explores the principles of Hollistic intervention
Cottingham J, Maitland J, Alternative Therapies In Health and Medicine, 6(2): 128,120-7, 2000
Cottingham J, Maitland J, The Journal of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 26(3):155-167, 1997 ]
Structural Integration applied to patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A retrospective chart review.
Talty C, DeMassi I, Deutsch JE. (1998). Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 27(1):83, 1998
Functional-Evaluation of Rolfing in Cerebral-palsy. Perry J, Jones M, Thomas L. Developmental Medicine And Child Neurology 22 (1): 115-115 1980.
Marvin Solit: A study in Structural Dynamics
‘THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION’ Vol. 62, p.30-40, 1962
Summary: As physicians we often use the word "normal," as normal physical findings, normal blood chemistry, normal body mechanics, and so forth, It is rarely pointed out that what we are labeling and accepting as normal is at best a "better than average." Even though present techniques for establishing normals are useful and well accepted, they are nevertheless vague and arbitrary. It is my feeling that the failure to discriminate between "average" and "normal' has been a major stumbling block in the progress of the healing arts. The confusion, disagreement, and semantic fuzziness that pervades medical literature is reduced in physics, mathematics, and engineering. For this reason I propose a physical-mathematical formulation of "normal" for the body of man. "Normal" in this paper refers to the most economical functioning of the human body. After describing a body design that is capable of performing most economically, a myofascial manipulative technique has been introduced, which I use to bring patients toward their potential norms and hence toward optimal body functioning. Five cases of patients who have undergone this myofascial therapy have been presented, including postural pictures before and after therapy.
Outcomes of Structural Integration applied to patients with different diagnoses: A retrospective review.
Deutsch JE, Derr L, Judd P, DeMasi I, Reuven B. Proceedings of the XIV International World Congress of Physical Therapy, Barcelona, 2003
Effects of soft tissue mobilization on pelvic inclination angle, lumbar lordosis, and parasympathetic tone: Implications for treatment of disabilities associated with lumbar degenerative disease.
Cottingham JT, Public testimony presentation to the National Center of Medical Rehabilitation Research of the National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD; March 19, 1992. Rolf Lines 20(2):42-45, 1992
Structural Integration (Rolfing), osteopathic, chiropractic, Feldenkrais, Alexander, myofascial release, and related methods.
Oschman JL. Pp 165-174 in: James L. Oschman. Energy Medicine: The Scientific Basis. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 2000.
Three dimensional mathematical model for deformation of human fascia in manual therapy.
Chaudhry HR, Schleip R, Ji Z, Bukiet B, Maney M, Findley TW, Journal of American Osteopathic Association, in press.
Viscoelastic behavior of human fasciae under extension in manual therapy.
Chaudhry H, Huang C, Schleip R, Ji Z, Bukiet B, Findley T, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 11(2), Apr 2007.
Passive muscle stiffness may be influenced by active contractility of intramuscular connective tissue.
Schleip R, Naylor IL, Ursu D, Melzer W, Zorn A, Wilke HJ, Lehmann-Horn F, Klingler W, Medical Hypotheses 66(1):66-71, 2006.
Active fascial contractility: Fascia may be able to contract in a smooth muscle-like manner and thereby influence musculoskeletal dynamics.
Schleip R, Klingler W, Lehmann-Horn F, Medical Hypotheses 65(2):273-277, 2005.
Fascial Plasticity – A new neurobiological explanation: Part 1.
Schleip R, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 7(1):11-19, 2003.
Fascial Plasticity – a new neurobiological explanation: Part 2.
Schleip R, Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 7(2):104-116, 2003.
A study of Structural Integration from neuromuscular, energy field & emotional approaches.
Hunt VV, Massey W, Weinberg R, Bruyere R, Hahn PM, Research Report submitted to Rolf Institute, UCLA Dept. of Kinesiology, 1977
Biomechanical structuring for figure skating, Preliminary pilot study report for the US Figure Skating Association.
conducted by Helen James, Katharine Robertson, and Neal Powers, Olympic Training Center Camp, CO. pp. 1-22, 1988.
Effects of Structural Integration On Strait-Trait Anxiety, Robert Wagner and Valerie Hunt, UCLA, 1976, (abstract : Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 35, No.2, USA, April 1979)
A Study of Structural Integration from Neuromuscular, Energy Field & Emotional Approaches, (abstract: Dr. Valerie Hunt and Wayne Massey, UCLA Dept. of Kinesiology, 1977)
Electromyographic Evaluation of Structural Integration Techniques, Dr. Valerie Hunt and Wayne Massey, UCLA, (abstract : Psychoenergetic Systems, Gordon & Breach Science Pub., UK, 1977)
Effects Of Soft Tissue Mobilization on Parasympathetic Tone in Two Age Groups, J. Cottingham, Frances Nelson Health Center, Illinois, 1987, (abstract : The Journal of American Physical Therapy Assn., Vol. 68, 352-356, 1988)
Shifts in Pelvic Inclination Angle and Parasympathetic Tone Produced by Rolfing Soft Tissue Manipulation, J. Cottingham, Frances Nelson Health Center, Illinois, (abstract : The Journal of American Physical Therapy Assn., Vol. 68, 1364-1370, 1988)
References
- ^ http://www.theiasi.org/whatis.php
- ^ http://skepdic.com/rolfing.html
- ^ http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/156/9/1460
- http://www.rolfing.org/index.php?id=94
